Machine that transfers ink from movable type onto paper…

Machine that transfers ink from movable type onto paper, developed around 1450 in Mainz by the goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg. Adapting the screw mechanism used to squeeze grapes, he combined metal letters cast in moulds with oil-based ink. His Bible, completed around 1455, is among the earliest major books produced this way in Europe. The invention spread rapidly, cutting book costs and fuelling the Renaissance, the Reformation and the Scientific Revolution.

The answer in 13 letters